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| Muscles and bones support the weight of the body but in the absence of gravity, all physical activities are less demanding and the musculoskeletal system is unloaded. Long periods of weightlessness in space induce rapid and significant bone and muscle loss. This can hinder the ability to carry out physically demanding tasks such as space walks as well as increase the risk of fractures. In addition, bone breakdown releases calcium stores, which can be deposited in the kidneys and lead to the formation of kidney stones. |
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